Why it happens
1. Each board and university has its own formula
CBSE uses CGPA × 9.5. VTU uses (CGPA − 0.75) × 10. Anna University uses CGPA × 10. Using the wrong one can change your percentage by several points.
2. Your grade card is the final word
Many universities print the official conversion on the grade card or transcript. If it's there, use that formula.
3. Some institutes don't convert at all
Several IITs and other institutes don't define a percentage. If a form insists, write the CGPA and its scale (for example 8.4/10) and note that no official conversion exists.
Fix it now
Use the free cgpa to percentage. Convert CGPA to percentage, and back, with your board or university's formula.